AGA XQ0005:2000
AGA XQ0005:2000 Odorization Manual Discussions in the text include equipment design, monitoring and record-keeping, handling and regulations and references on the odorization of natural gas.
Table of Contents
DISCLAIMERANDCOPYRIGHTACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
FOREWORD
CHAPTER1
ODORIZATIONREGULATIONS
1.1FEDERALSTANDARDS
1.2STATEREGULATIONS
1.3DISTRIBUTIONSSYSTEMS
1.4TRANSMISSIONSYSTEMS
1.4.1ClassificationDetermination
1.4.2ExemptionsfromOdorizationRequirements
CHAPTER2
CHEMICALANDPHYSICALPROPERTIESOFODORANTS
2.1ODORANTCOMPOUNDS
2.1.1Mercaptans
2.1.2CyclicSulfides
2.1.3AlkylSulfides
2.2ODORANTBLENDS
2.2.1All-MercaptanBlends
2.2.2Mercaptan-AlkylSulfideBlends
2.2.3CyclicSulfideBlend
2.2.4CyclicSulfide-MercaptanBlend
CHAPTER3
ODORIZATIONSYSTEMDESIGNCONSIDERATIONS
3.1LOCATIONS
3.1.1Accessibility
3.1.2PopulationDensity
3.1.3Utilities
3.1.4BuildingCodes
3.2SECONDARYCONTAINMENT
3.3BUILDINGS
3.4ABOVE-ANDBELOW-GRADEINSTALLATION
3.5DEPRESSURIZATIONOFEQUIPMENT
3.6MATERIALOFCONSTRUCTION
3.7CONTROLANDMEASUREMENTSYSTEMS
3.7.1ProportionaltoFlowControl
3.7.2OdorantMeteringDevices
3.7.3GasQualityConsiderations
3.7.4OdorizationSystemsRequiringPowerand
Electronics
CHAPTER4
ODORIZATIONEQUIPMENTANDSTATIONS
4.1ODORIZATIONEQUIPMENT
4.1.1LiquidInjectionOdorizers
4.1.2VaporizationOdorizers
4.2OPERATIONANDMAINTENANCEOFODORIZATIONSTATIONS
4.2.1WrittenProcedures
4.2.2Training
4.2.3StartupConsiderations
4.2.4OdorantStorage
4.2.5OdorantTransfer
4.2.6Maintenance
4.2.7InspectionandTesting
CHAPTER5
MONITORINGMETHODSFORODORINTENSITYANDODORANT
CONCENTRATION
5.1FEDERALSTANDARDS
5.2LOWEREXPLOSIVELIMITOFNATURALGAS
5.3OLFACTORYMETHODSFORODORINTENSITY
5.3.1QuantitativeOlfactoryTests
5.3.2CustomerLeakCallRates
5.4INSTRUMENTALMETHODSFORODORANTCONCENTRATION
5.4.1TotalSulfur
5.4.2OdorantSpeciation-GasChromatography
5.5MONITORINGPROGRAM
5.6KEEPINGRECORDS
CHAPTER6
SAFETYANDENVIRONMENTALCONSIDERATIONS
6.1GENERALCONSIDERATIONS
6.2SPILLS
6.3SAFETY
6.3.1FirstAidMeasures
6.3.2Fire
6.4DRUMANDEQUIPMENTDISPOSAL
6.5ALTERNATIVESFORDRUMS
6.5.1ReturnableCylinders
6.5.2PortableTanks
6.6ODORANTHANDLING
6.7REPORTINGREQUIREMENTS
6.7.1BasicRequirements
6.7.2ReportingDeadline
6.7.3ReportingQuantities
CHAPTER7
ODORANTSTABILITYANDOLFACTORYRESPONSE
7.1ODORFADING
7.1.1ChemicalReactions
7.1.2Adsorption
7.1.3Absorption
7.2SOILADSORPTION
7.3ODORMASKING
7.4OLFACTORYSENSITIVITYANDFATIGUE
REFERENCES
PROPOSALTOREVISEAGAODORIZATIONMANUAL